What is Macular Degeneration? Understanding the Causes and Symptoms

Macular degeneration is a common eye disease that can lead to significant vision loss, especially in older adults. This condition affects the macula, the part of your retina responsible for sharp, central vision needed for activities like reading and driving. Understanding what causes macular degeneration and recognizing its symptoms are essential for protecting your sight and maintaining your quality of life.

What Causes Macular Degeneration?

The most common form of macular degeneration is age-related macular degeneration (AMD). While age is the biggest risk factor, other contributors include genetics, smoking, high blood pressure, obesity, and prolonged exposure to UV light. There are two main types of AMD:

• Dry Macular Degeneration: The more common form, caused by thinning of the macula as part of the aging process.
• Wet Macular Degeneration: Less common but more severe, this type occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow under the retina, leading to leakage and rapid vision loss.

Common Symptoms of Macular Degeneration

Macular degeneration often develops slowly and painlessly, so you might not notice changes in your vision right away. As the condition progresses, you may experience:

• Blurry or fuzzy central vision
• Difficulty seeing in low light
• Straight lines appearing wavy or distorted
• A dark, blurry area or “blind spot” in the center of your vision
• Difficulty recognizing faces

These symptoms can greatly affect your quality of life, especially if left undiagnosed and untreated.

Why Routine Eye Exams Are Crucial

Because macular degeneration develops gradually and can be symptomless in its early stages, regular eye exams are essential for early detection. During a comprehensive eye exam, your optometrist can check for signs of macular degeneration before you notice any changes in your vision.

Early detection allows for timely intervention, which can help slow the progression of the disease and preserve your sight. Eye exams are especially important if you have risk factors such as a family history of AMD, are over 50, or have certain lifestyle factors like smoking or high blood pressure.

Schedule Your Eye Exam Today

Macular degeneration is a serious eye condition that can significantly impact your vision and daily life. Understanding the causes and recognizing the early symptoms can make a major difference in protecting your sight. Routine eye exams are your best defense for detecting macular degeneration early and managing your eye health for years to come.

Protect your vision by scheduling a comprehensive eye exam with Brinton Family Eye Care and stay ahead of macular degeneration. Visit our office in Indian Land, South Carolina, or call (803) 284-8400 to book an appointment today.